Roman Empire

Roman empire was overflowed with wealth and knowledge. They were once considered to be the greatest empires of all. This is because they came up with many new technologies such as arches and public spaces. These new inventions create a positive effect to the people, which allowed them to be able to expand their empire. Roman architecture was first to really consider public space; this is because of their large population than the Geek. It led to the formation of basilica during the Hellenistic era. Saint Peter’s Basilica has the largest interior of any Christian church in the world, consisted of many arcuated ceiling. The invention of arch allowed them to be able to build larger scale structures.

The Byzantine and Early Christian Architecture

The Byzantine and Early Christian Architecture was basically based on religious believe, having the use of light and number as a tool to lead for good fortune of their religion. However, Christianity is the religion that is based on congregation worship, where people have to gather around and worship to do activities together. Therefore, there should be place for them to gather around. Nevertheless, Christianity is persecuted during that time, so they have to hide their activities from Rome. Christianity had to be practice clandestinely at home. They believe in burial to cremation, but had to do it in abandoned quarries or catacomb. The religion was not presented clearly and they use roman architecture to camouflage their religious practices. Most of Roman's public space were transformed into Christian use. For example the Roman gathering basilicas which served as law courts in the Roman became the sacred place to worship for the Christian, this is because of the strong influence.

Vitruvius Principle

Vitruvius principle of architecture has become the standard beauty of architecture today. The idea of creating a perfect perception of true beauty to the people toward the architecture. The Parthenon had proven the real eurhythmy, as it is well plan with its arrangement that create an elegance effect, making it into one single ideal of work. The building was oriented that it had to been seen from a perspective view of 45-degree angle to see the true beauty. It is also describe in the rhythm of 2x+1=w, creating one cohesive form of architecture. It also shows the symmetry and repetitions of columns.

Le Corbusier

After the rise of ancient Greek architecture, Roman architecture emerged. Classical architecture was use as a tool for innovation. It became the Renaissance age where people would copy every aspect of ancient Greek architecture such as columns, statue, white buildings, and etc to apply it to themselves; believing in its perfection and also representing their power. It is the period of exploring, where history is the future and history is taken from the past to build history. In other word, ancient architecture was retrace in modern architecture. This is similar to Le Corbusier’s notion of pure form. Le Corbusier has return back to the origin of all architecture, which is the use of geometrical forms such as cube and cylinder. He is the very first architect to start modernism.

Villa Savoye built between 1928 and 1931 is the example of Le Corbusier manifesto of new architecture; having the famous “Five Points”. Villa Savoye was design with pure geometrical form that is supported by columns to elevate the building form the ground that allows the continuity of grass. The roof serves as garden and terrace. Having free floor plan to allow the wall to be placed freely and where needed. Long horizontal windows to provide air ventilation and lastly, free designed facades to serve as the skin of the wall and windows.

Tanado Ando's 4x4 house.

Ancient Greek

In ancient Greek architecture, the beliefs of God and Goddess have played a major role on how the Greek pursue their life. It is quiet similar to the ancient Egyptians, however, Greek focus more on the vital of human more than the God; not like the Egyptians do. Ancient Greek architecture focus more on the structure

that they see compare to the real world. Analyzing human anatomy forming it in to columns (Doric; proportion based on human muscle). Studying the proportions and structure of the real scale and adapting it to their architectures. They reflect their victory and beliefs on their work, and pay more attention to the details. Even though the Greek built temples for their god, but they still make it visual for human. Just like The Parthenon, it got its own perfect scale, where we would see a perfect vision of the temple on the right angle. Everything is perfect on numbering of columns, lighting, and sculpture. Not like the Egyptian that everything has to base on the god scale; Having big columns and etc. Overall, ancient Greek is proud of their victory and life, showing what they have and expressing it out to their temples and buildings, recording their beliefs out on the stone. Therefore it last till today world.